在刷新容器时srping会扫描我们声明的bean,处理@Component、@Import、@Bean等注解,现在看下这个过程,就能理解为什么对main类使用包含@ComponentScan的@SpringBootApplication就能创建springboot应用,让spirng帮我们创建bean。过程大体如下:

  1. 通过@ComponentScan读取包路径,到包路径下扫描
  2. 对扫描出来的bean继续解析,如果发现@ComponentScan则再次扫描,直到处理完所有bean
  3. 依次处理@Component、@Import、以及方法上的@Bean注解
protected final SourceClass doProcessConfigurationClass(ConfigurationClass configClass, SourceClass sourceClass, Predicate<String> filter)throws IOException {//处理@Componentif (configClass.getMetadata().isAnnotated(Component.class.getName())) {// Recursively process any member (nested) classes firstprocessMemberClasses(configClass, sourceClass, filter);}// Process any @PropertySource annotationsfor (AnnotationAttributes propertySource : AnnotationConfigUtils.attributesForRepeatable(sourceClass.getMetadata(), PropertySources.class,org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource.class)) {if (this.environment instanceof ConfigurableEnvironment) {processPropertySource(propertySource);}else {logger.info("Ignoring @PropertySource annotation on [" + sourceClass.getMetadata().getClassName() +"]. Reason: Environment must implement ConfigurableEnvironment");}}// 处理 @ComponentScan annotationsSet<AnnotationAttributes> componentScans = AnnotationConfigUtils.attributesForRepeatable(sourceClass.getMetadata(), ComponentScans.class, ComponentScan.class);if (!componentScans.isEmpty() &&!this.conditionEvaluator.shouldSkip(sourceClass.getMetadata(), ConfigurationPhase.REGISTER_BEAN)) {for (AnnotationAttributes componentScan : componentScans) {// 扫描beanSet<BeanDefinitionHolder> scannedBeanDefinitions =this.componentScanParser.parse(componentScan, sourceClass.getMetadata().getClassName());// 解析bean定义for (BeanDefinitionHolder holder : scannedBeanDefinitions) {BeanDefinition bdCand = holder.getBeanDefinition().getOriginatingBeanDefinition();if (bdCand == null) {bdCand = holder.getBeanDefinition();}//递归解析,发现存在@ComponentScan的bean,则继续扫描处理,这里的调用栈很深if (ConfigurationClassUtils.checkConfigurationClassCandidate(bdCand, this.metadataReaderFactory)) {parse(bdCand.getBeanClassName(), holder.getBeanName());}}}}// 处理@ImportprocessImports(configClass, sourceClass, getImports(sourceClass), filter, true);// Process any @ImportResource annotationsAnnotationAttributes importResource =AnnotationConfigUtils.attributesFor(sourceClass.getMetadata(), ImportResource.class);if (importResource != null) {String[] resources = importResource.getStringArray("locations");Class<? extends BeanDefinitionReader> readerClass = importResource.getClass("reader");for (String resource : resources) {String resolvedResource = this.environment.resolveRequiredPlaceholders(resource);configClass.addImportedResource(resolvedResource, readerClass);}}//处理方法上的@BeanSet<MethodMetadata> beanMethods = retrieveBeanMethodMetadata(sourceClass);for (MethodMetadata methodMetadata : beanMethods) {configClass.addBeanMethod(new BeanMethod(methodMetadata, configClass));}// Process default methods on interfacesprocessInterfaces(configClass, sourceClass);// Process superclass, if anyif (sourceClass.getMetadata().hasSuperClass()) {String superclass = sourceClass.getMetadata().getSuperClassName();if (superclass != null && !superclass.startsWith("java") &&!this.knownSuperclasses.containsKey(superclass)) {this.knownSuperclasses.put(superclass, configClass);// Superclass found, return its annotation metadata and recursereturn sourceClass.getSuperClass();}}// No superclass -> processing is completereturn null;}

先对@ComponentScan的属性进行处理,最重要的处理basePackages和basePackageClasses,通过这两个属性获取包路径

public Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> parse(AnnotationAttributes componentScan, final String declaringClass) {ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner scanner = new ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner(this.registry,componentScan.getBoolean("useDefaultFilters"), this.environment, this.resourceLoader);Class<? extends BeanNameGenerator> generatorClass = componentScan.getClass("nameGenerator");boolean useInheritedGenerator = (BeanNameGenerator.class == generatorClass);scanner.setBeanNameGenerator(useInheritedGenerator ? this.beanNameGenerator :BeanUtils.instantiateClass(generatorClass));ScopedProxyMode scopedProxyMode = componentScan.getEnum("scopedProxy");if (scopedProxyMode != ScopedProxyMode.DEFAULT) {scanner.setScopedProxyMode(scopedProxyMode);}else {Class<? extends ScopeMetadataResolver> resolverClass = componentScan.getClass("scopeResolver");scanner.setScopeMetadataResolver(BeanUtils.instantiateClass(resolverClass));}scanner.setResourcePattern(componentScan.getString("resourcePattern"));for (AnnotationAttributes filter : componentScan.getAnnotationArray("includeFilters")) {for (TypeFilter typeFilter : typeFiltersFor(filter)) {scanner.addIncludeFilter(typeFilter);}}for (AnnotationAttributes filter : componentScan.getAnnotationArray("excludeFilters")) {for (TypeFilter typeFilter : typeFiltersFor(filter)) {scanner.addExcludeFilter(typeFilter);}}boolean lazyInit = componentScan.getBoolean("lazyInit");if (lazyInit) {scanner.getBeanDefinitionDefaults().setLazyInit(true);}//读取包路径,如果存在定义的包路径就扫描,不存在默认扫描mainlei所在的包路径Set<String> basePackages = new LinkedHashSet<>();String[] basePackagesArray = componentScan.getStringArray("basePackages");for (String pkg : basePackagesArray) {String[] tokenized = StringUtils.tokenizeToStringArray(this.environment.resolvePlaceholders(pkg),ConfigurableApplicationContext.CONFIG_LOCATION_DELIMITERS);Collections.addAll(basePackages, tokenized);}for (Class<?> clazz : componentScan.getClassArray("basePackageClasses")) {basePackages.add(ClassUtils.getPackageName(clazz));}if (basePackages.isEmpty()) {//不存在默认扫描main类所在的包路径basePackages.add(ClassUtils.getPackageName(declaringClass));}scanner.addExcludeFilter(new AbstractTypeHierarchyTraversingFilter(false, false) {@Overrideprotected boolean matchClassName(String className) {return declaringClass.equals(className);}});return scanner.doScan(StringUtils.toStringArray(basePackages));}

获取到包路径后,到包路径下获取所有bean的Resource,判断bean是否存在@Component,有的话生成bean定义BeanDefinitionHolder保存到BeanFactory容器中

protected Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> doScan(String... basePackages) {Assert.notEmpty(basePackages, "At least one base package must be specified");Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> beanDefinitions = new LinkedHashSet<>();for (String basePackage : basePackages) {Set<BeanDefinition> candidates = findCandidateComponents(basePackage);for (BeanDefinition candidate : candidates) {ScopeMetadata scopeMetadata = this.scopeMetadataResolver.resolveScopeMetadata(candidate);candidate.setScope(scopeMetadata.getScopeName());String beanName = this.beanNameGenerator.generateBeanName(candidate, this.registry);if (candidate instanceof AbstractBeanDefinition) {postProcessBeanDefinition((AbstractBeanDefinition) candidate, beanName);}if (candidate instanceof AnnotatedBeanDefinition) {//处理bean的@Lazy、@Primary、@DependsOn、@Role、@Description注解AnnotationConfigUtils.processCommonDefinitionAnnotations((AnnotatedBeanDefinition) candidate);}if (checkCandidate(beanName, candidate)) {BeanDefinitionHolder definitionHolder = new BeanDefinitionHolder(candidate, beanName);definitionHolder =AnnotationConfigUtils.applyScopedProxyMode(scopeMetadata, definitionHolder, this.registry);beanDefinitions.add(definitionHolder);//注册到保存bean定义的BeanFactory容器中registerBeanDefinition(definitionHolder, this.registry);}}}return beanDefinitions;}private Set<BeanDefinition> scanCandidateComponents(String basePackage) {Set<BeanDefinition> candidates = new LinkedHashSet<>();try {String packageSearchPath = ResourcePatternResolver.CLASSPATH_ALL_URL_PREFIX +resolveBasePackage(basePackage) + '/' + this.resourcePattern;//读取包路径下所有类的Resource     Resource[] resources = getResourcePatternResolver().getResources(packageSearchPath);for (Resource resource : resources) {if (traceEnabled) {logger.trace("Scanning " + resource);}if (resource.isReadable()) {try {MetadataReader metadataReader = getMetadataReaderFactory().getMetadataReader(resource);//判断是否存在@Componentif (isCandidateComponent(metadataReader)) {ScannedGenericBeanDefinition sbd = new ScannedGenericBeanDefinition(metadataReader);sbd.setSource(resource);if (isCandidateComponent(sbd)) {if (debugEnabled) {logger.debug("Identified candidate component class: " + resource);}candidates.add(sbd);
......return candidates;}

总结下,springboot启动时到刷新容器阶段会扫描bean,首先处理main类的@ComponentScan注解,获取到包路径后扫描所有存在@Component注解的bean,再依次处理bean上的注解,之后我们会细看spring如何处理进入扫描bean的流程,以及如何处理bean的每个注解。有不对的地方请大神指出,欢迎大家一起讨论交流,共同进步,更多请关注微信公众号 葡萄开源